Anti-Human IRF3 (Intermediate Domain)

Interferons (IFN)s are involved in a multitude of immune interactions during viral infections and play a major role in both the induction and regulation of innate and adaptive antiviral mechanisms (1 for review). During infection, host-virus interactions signal downstream molecules such as transcription factors such as IFN regulatory factor-3 (IRF3) which can act to stimulate transcription of IFN-α/β genes. IRF3 is present in an inactive form in the cytoplasm of most cells.2 Following viral infection, IRF3 can be activated by IκB kinase-ε and TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1),3,4 whereupon IRF3 translocates to the nucleus. IRF3 can also be activated by stimulation of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) by dsRNA.3 IRF3 exists as at least two distinct isoforms.