Recombinant Human Artemin (A119-GRP)

Artemin is a disulfide-linked homodimeric neurotrophic factor structurally related to GDNF, Neurturin and Persephin. These proteins belong to the cysteine-knot superfamily of growth factors that assume stable dimeric protein structures. Artemin, GDNF, Persephin and Neurturin all signal through a multicomponent receptor system, composed of RET (receptor tyrosine kinase) and one of the four GFRalpha (alpha1-alpha4) receptors. Artemin prefers the receptor GFRalpha3-RET, but will use other receptors as an alternative. Artemin supports the survival of all peripheral ganglia such as sympathetic, neural crest and placodally derived sensory neurons, and dompaminergic midbrain neurons. The functional human Artemin ligand is a disulfide-linked homodimer, of two polypeptide monomers. Each monomer contains seven conserved cysteine residues, one of which is used for interchain disulfide bridging and the others are involved in intramolecular ring formation known as the cysteine knot configuration. In the mature region, human ARTN is 89% and 88% aa identical to rat and mouse ARTN, respectively.

It has been reported that Artemin reverses neuropathic pain due to nerve injury, helps resolve morphological changes associated with nerve damage.