Anti-p38 (11049-100ul)

The MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) family includes stress-activated protein kinases (SAPKs), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), and p38 kinases. Upon activation, p38 translocates to the cell nucleus where it phosphorylates one or more nuclear substrates resulting in transcriptional changes and other cellular processes involved in cell growth, division, differentiation, inflammation, and death. p38 always acts as a pro-apoptotic factor with its activation leading to the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria and cleavage of caspase-3 and its downstream effector PARP. p38 is activated by chemical stress inducers (such as hydrogen peroxide and heavy metals) and biological stress signals (such as tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1, irradiation, and chemotherapeutic drugs).