Anti-Human G Beta Protein Subunit-like (GβL) (G621-GRP)

GβL (G protein beta protein subunit-like) is a member of a signaling pathway that regulates mammalian cell growth in response to the presence of nutrients and growth factors.1 It binds to the kinase domain of TOR (Target of rapamycin, also known as mTOR), an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase that regulates cell growth and cell cycle through its ability to integrate signals from nutrient levels and growth factors (reviewed in 2). Rapamycin inhibits TOR resulting in reduced cell growth and reduced rates of cell cycle and cell proliferation (reviewed in 3). TOR is normally associated with GβL and an additional regulatory protein RAPTOR, allowing TOR to control protein biosynthesis.3 The binding of GβL to TOR stimulates TOR’s kinase activity towards downstream proteins such as RPS6K (ribosomal protein S6 kinase) and the translation factor 4E-BP1 which leads to increased protein translation and cell growth.3