Anti-Human CD166 (ALCAM) - FITC (C718-GRP)

Activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and a cell surface glycoprotein1. In normal physiology, ALCAM functions in cell adhesion, is known to promote T cell activation and proliferation by interacting with CD6, and functions in angiogenesis, monocyte transmigration, leukocyte intravasation across the blood-brain barrier, hematopoiesis, neurite extension, osteogenesis, and embryonic implantation in the uterus. In cancer, ALCAM is a prognostic marker of disease progression and acts as a modulator of progression by controlling cell proliferation, adhesion, migration, and invasion. ALCAM participates in homophilic ALCAM-ALCAM interactions as well as numerous heterophilic interactions1. Ligands include CD6, galectin-8, endophilin-A3/galectin-8, CD9, S100B, and ezrin. Additionally, SOSTDC1 is a novel ligand of ALCAM that promotes invasion and facilitates liver metastasis in colorectal cancer through activation of the Src-P13K/AKT pathways2. ALCAM is a type I transmembrane molecule with a large glycosylated extracellular domain1. Two isoforms have been confirmed at the protein level: ALCAM-Iso1, which is the full length isoform, and ALCAM-Iso2, which lacks exon 13. ALCAM is proteolytically cleaved at its extracellular domain by the transmembrane metalloprotease ADAM17, with ALCAM-Iso2 more susceptible to cleavage. 3A6 was produced by immunizing mice with human thymic epithelial cells and then fusing spleen cells with P3X63Ag8 myeloma cells3. 3A6 cross reacts with ovine mesenchymal stromal cells from iliac crest bone marrow aspirates4.