Anti-Human ApoE4 - Biotin (A443-100ug)

Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is a glycoprotein involved in lipid metabolism encoded by three isoforms, ApoE2, ApoE3, and ApoE4, which differ at residues 112 and 158 (E2: C112, C158; E3: C112, R158; E4: R112, R158)1. Carriers of the ApoE4 isoform are more likely to develop Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), with cognitive changes also occurring earlier2. ApoE4 has been implicated in increased amyloid β deposition, a key marker of AD, and has an effect on lipid metabolism, inflammation, phosphorylation of tau protein, and mitochondrial function. ApoE4 is also a risk factor for cerebral amyloid angiopathy, dementia with Lewy bodies, tauopathy, cerebrovascular disease, multiple sclerosis, vascular dementia, and is related to poor outcome following head injury. In contrast, ApoE4 is protective for age-related macular degeneration. Lower concentrations of ApoE are found in ApoE4 carriers. However, it is unknown how the amount of ApoE4 present intersects with its functional activity to increase risk of disease. Anti-ApoE4 therapies that aim to mitigate the pathological effects of ApoE4 and inhibit amyloid accumulation are under study.